A guide for teachers in supporting children with Autistic Spectrum Conditions
- Visual Aids: Children with autism often respond well to visual aids. Teachers can use images, diagrams, flashcards, and other visual supports to make instructions or lessons more understandable.
- Clear Instructions: Avoid using abstract language or idioms, and give simple, concise instructions. Teachers should break down tasks into smaller, manageable steps.
- Predictable Routines: Structure and routine are critical. Having a daily or weekly schedule that doesn’t change much can reduce anxiety and make it easier for children with ASC to understand what’s expected of them.
- Create a Calm Environment: Bright lights and loud noises can be distracting for autistic children. Make sure the classroom is calm and clutter-free.
- Social Stories: Social stories are a tool often used by special education teachers to help children understand social situations, sequences, expectations, or skills.
- Small Group or One-on-One Learning: Children with autism might feel overwhelmed in a large class setting, and may respond better to smaller groups or individual attention.
- Special Interests: Many children with ASC have particular interests or talents. Teachers can incorporate these into lessons to make learning more enjoyable and effective
- Regular Breaks: Children with autism can get overwhelmed easily. Teachers can help by providing regular breaks to rest, calm down, or simply have some quiet time.
- Using Technology: Many software applications and tools can aid in teaching children with autism, including interactive games and activities that can make learning fun.
- Positive Reinforcement: Provide praise and rewards for good behaviour. This encourages and motivates children with Autism to keep up with good work.
- Encourage Social Interaction: Provide opportunities for children to socialise in structured and safe ways, such as guided group activities, to improve their social skills.
- Understand Sensory Needs: Each child with ASC may have different sensory needs. Teachers can work to understand these needs and provide appropriate accommodations, such as fidget toys or headphones.
- Transition Warning: Giving students a few minutes warning before transitioning from one task to another can prevent distress. This can be through verbal prompts, timers or visual schedules.
- Visual Schedule: Use visual schedules that students can see to know what’s happening throughout the day.
- Hands-On Learning: Autism affects the way people perceive and process information, making hands-on or experiential learning techniques often more effective.
- Keep instructions Logical and Organised: Arrange instructions and assignments logically, sequentially and clearly. Visual aids and written instructions can further support understanding.
- Teaching Emotional Regulation Skills: Teach students strategies for self-regulating their emotions, such as deep breathing, meditation or drawing.
- Peer Buddy System: Pair students with peers who can support and guide them, promote social interactions, and provide a model for acceptable behaviour.
- Implement Differentiated Instruction: Understand each child’s strengths, weaknesses, and interests to meet their unique learning needs.
- Build Confidence: Find opportunities to build the student’s confidence in their abilities, whether academically or in social interactions. This can be done by giving them responsibilities, setting achievable goals, and acknowledging their successes.
- Consistency: Consistency in classroom rules, expectations, and routines can reduce anxiety and help children with ASC thrive.
- Communication with Parents: Regular communication with parents or caregivers can ensure continuity of learning strategies and keep them informed of their child’s progress.
